Influence of time-dependent corrosion on strength and ductility of reinforcing steel bars exposed to natural and aggressive environments
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25156/ptj.v12n1y2022.pp40-54Keywords:
corrosion, steel bar, mechanical properties, pitting corrosion, fracture strainAbstract
The reinforcement corrosion in is a major and most frequent reason of degradation for reinforced-concrete (RC) structures throughout the world, leading to their premature deterioration before design life was attained. Corrosion weakens the mechanical properties of rebar by ingress of aggressive ions due to various environments. In this study, a total of 99 specimens with six different diameters were tested, for three exposure periods, and six different environments, to assess the influence of corrosion on mechanical properties of reinforcing bars. Degradation relationships of strength and ductility with exposure period and rebar diameter, were analyzed, and three equations were proposed to formulate the relations. It was found that, the ultimate strength of 8.6% of the corroded bars falls below the original yield strength; after 5 years of exposure in natural atmosphere, reduction in mechanical properties was insignificant; a detergent solution environment could cause the strength loss of 24.8%.
Downloads
References
Ahmad S. 2003. Reinforcement corrosion in concrete structures, its monitoring and service life prediction-a review, Cement & Concrete Composites 25 (2003) 459-471.
Ahmed G.H. 2015. Mechanical properties of welded deformed reinforcing steel bars. ARO, The Scientific Journal of Koya University, Volume III, No 1(2015), Article ID: ARO.10059, Pp 28-39.
Almusallam A.A. 2001. Effect of degree of corrosion on the properties of reinforcing steel bars, Construction and Building Materials 15 (2001) 361-368.
Apostolopoulos C.A., Demis S., Papadakis V.G. 2013. Chloride-induced corrosion of steel reinforcement–Mechanical performance and pit depth analysis, Construction and Building Materials 38 (2013) 139-146.
ASTM A370-13. 2013. Standard test methods and definitions for mechanical testing of steel products, ASTM, West Conshohocken, Pennsylvania.
ASTM A615/A615M-09b. 2009. Deformed and plain carbon-steel bars for concrete reinforcement, ASTM, West Conshohocken, Pennsylvania.
Babutskii A.I. 2010. Effect of electric current pulse treatment on the corrosion rate and strength of specimens made of 45 steel, Strength of Materials, 42(4), 2010, PP432-438.
Balestra C.E.T., Nakano A.Y., Savaris G., Junior R.A.M. 2019. Reinforcement corrosion risk of marine concrete structures evaluated through electrical resistivity: Proposal of parameters based on field structures, Ocean Engineering 187 (2019) 106167.
Bidi MA, Azadi M, Rassouli M. 2020. A new green inhibitor for lowering the corrosion rate of carbon steel in 1 M HCl solution: Hyalomma tick extract, Materials Today Communications (2020), doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mtcomm.2020.100996 .
Diaz B., Guitian B., Novoa X.R., Perez M.C. 2020. The effect of chlorides on the corrosion behavior of weathered reinforcing bars, Electrochimica Acta 336 (2020) 135737.
Fernandez I., Bairan J.M., Mari A.R. 2015. Corrosion effects on the mechanical properties of reinforcing steel bars. Fatigue and σ–ɛ behavior, Construction and Building Materials 101 (2015) 772–783.
Finozzi I., Saetta A., Budelmann H. 2018. Structural response of reinforcing bars affected by pitting corrosion: experimental evaluation, Construction and Building Materials 192 (2018) 478–488.
G.H. Ahmed, O.Q. Aziz. 2019. Shear behavior of dry and epoxied joints in precast concrete segmental box girder bridges under direct shear loading. Engineering Structures 182 (2019) 89–100.
Gao Y., Zheng Y., Zhang J., Xu S., Zhou X., Zhang Y. 2019. Time-dependent corrosion process and non-uniform corrosion of reinforcement in RC flexural members in a tidal environment, Construction and Building Materials 213 (2019) 79–90.
Ghafur H. Ahmed, 2021. Influence of mixture proportions on fresh and mechanical properties of self-consolidating concrete. Polytechnic Journal. 2021. 11(2): 17-25.
Hanjari K.Z., Kettil P., Lundgren K. 2011. Analysis of mechanical behavior of corroded reinforced concrete structures. ACI Structural Journal, (2011) 108(5), 532-541.
Hay R., Ostertag C.P. 2019. Influence of transverse cracks and interfacial damage on corrosion of steel in concrete with and without fiber hybridization, Corrosion Science 153 (2019) 213–224. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.corsci.2019.03.020 .
Huang C.H. 2014. Effects of Rust and Scale of Reinforcing Bars on the Bond Performance of Reinforcement Concrete, J. Mater. Civ. Eng., 2014, 26(4): 576-581.
Imperatore S., Rinaldi Z., Drago C. 2017. Degradation relationships for the mechanical properties of corroded steel rebars, Construction and Building Materials 148 (2017) 219-230.
Lu C., Yuan S., Cheng P., Liu R. 2016. Mechanical properties of corroded steel bars in pre-cracked concrete suffering from chloride attack, Construction and Building Materials 123 (2016) 649–660.
Miao C.Q., Zhuang M.L., Dong B. 2019. Stress corrosion of bridge cable wire by the response surface method, Strength of Materials, 2019, 51(4), 646-652.
Ou Y.C., Y Susanto.T.T., Roh H. 2016. Tensile behavior of naturally and artificially corroded steel bars, Constr. Build. Mater.103 (2016) 93–104.
Tittarelli F., Mobilia A., Giosue C., Belli A., Bellezze T. 2018. Corrosion behavior of bare and galvanized steel in geopolymer and Ordinary Portland Cement based mortars with the same strength class exposed to chlorides, Corrosion Science (2018), https://doi.org/10.1016/j.corsci.2018.02.014 .
Uthaman S., George R.P., Vishwakarma V., Harilal M., Philip J. 2019. Enhanced seawater corrosion resistance of reinforcement in nanophase modified fly ash concrete, Construction and Building Materials 221 (2019) 232–243.
Wang X., Nguyen M., Stewart M.G., Syme M., Leitch A. 2010. Analysis of climate change impacts on the deterioration of concrete infrastructure–Part.1: Mechanisms, practices, modelling and simulations–A review, published by CSIRO, Canberra, (2010), ISBN 9780 4310365 8.
Wu Q.L., Yu H.F. 2019. Rebar corrosion rate estimation of reinforced concrete components exposed to marine environment, Strength of Materials, 51(4), 653-659.
Zhang W., Francois R., Yu L. 2020. Influence of load-induced cracks coupled or not with top-casting-induced defects on the corrosion of the longitudinal tensile reinforcement of naturally corroded beams exposed to chloride environment under sustained loading, Cement and Concrete R. 129 (2020) 105972.
Zhang W., Zhou B., Gu X., Dai H. 2014. Probability distribution model for cross-sectional area of corroded reinforcing steel bars, J. Mater. Civ. Eng., 2014, 26(5): 822-832.
Zhu W., Francois R., Poon C.S., Dai J.G. 2017. Influences of corrosion degree and corrosion morphology on the ductility of steel reinforcement, Construction and Building Materials
.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2022 Ghafur H. Ahmed
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
1. Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License [CC BY-NC-ND 4.0] that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
2. Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
3. Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
Polytechnic Journal ; A Periodical Open Access Scientific Journal