Correlation between life style and gingival health in adult patients in Erbil city-Iraq
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25156/ptj.v13i1.524Keywords:
Key words: gingivitis, dental plaque, life style, tooth brushing and diet.Abstract
correlation between life style and gingival health in adult patients in Erbil city-Iraq
Shahida Rassul Hussein (B.D.S.,MSc)*
ABSTRACT
Back ground and Objective: Gingivitis conceder as one of the most common, gum diseases. lifestyle choices can related to gingivitis such as diet, oral hygiene practices, regular dental visits and smoking . The objective of this study was to determine the relationship between life style and gingivitis of adult population in Erbil city.
Methods: effect of life style on gingival health was determined for 360 patients age between 20-70years of both genders, visiting Erbil medical centers. Clinical examination of the gingival health was performed by reporting plaque, gingival indices by periodontal prob. Lifestyle was detected by questions about dietary habits, smoking habits, and physical activity ,frequency of tooth brushing were also recorded .
Results: Demonstrated that ; the highest mean for plaque(.857) ,gingival (.942) scores were increased with increasing vegetable taking per week with statistical significant differences for plaque score (P-value =0.000) and gingival score (P-value =0.000) while mean plaque(.563 )score gingival(.663) score were decrease with increasing fruit taking per week with statistical significant differences for plaque (P-value =0.000) and gingival score (P-value =0.000) . higher means of plaque(1.145) and gingival(1. 000) scores were reported among individuals who were take 0-1 times per week of egg and butter with statistical highly significant differences between all for plaque and gingival indices (P-value =0.000) .
The highest mean of plaque (1.109), gingival (1.04) scores were seen related to 0-1 time per week of meat taking with highly statistical significant difference between groups
(P-value =0.000). The highest mean of plaque (.745) were reported among non smoker groups with statistically no significant difference (P-value =0.149) and gingival (.790) scores, were seen related to heavy smoker groups with significant differences between both groups.
(P-value =0.041).
The lowest mean of plaque (.630) and gingival (.629) scores were among persons who performing daily exercise with statistical significant differences (P-value =0.069)
(P-value =0.049) for plaque and gingival indices respectively.
The lowest mean of plaque (.518) and gingival (.588) scores were reported among individuals with regular daily tooth brushing with statistical significant differences (P-value =0.011) for plaque index and highly significant differences for gingival index (P-value =0.001).
Conclusions:
There was a positive correlation between life style and gingival health.
Key words: gingivitis, dental plaque, life style, tooth brushing and diet.
Downloads
References
Aiste Zaborskyte, Egle Bendoraitiene: Oral Hygiene Habits and Complaints of Gum Bleeding Among Schoolchildren in Lithuania. Stomatologija, 2003 ; 59(1):31-36.
Akhtar H. Bokhari : Lifestyle Impact on Oral Health. Department of Oral Health Sciences2006,22(3).
Albander JM. Global risk factors and risk indicators for periodontal diseases. Periodontol 2000 2002;29: 177-206.
Banoczy J, Gintner Z, Dombi C. Tobacco use and oral leukoplakia.J Dent Educ 2001; 65: 322-6.
Chapple, I. L., Milward, M. R. & Dietrich, T. :The prevalence of inflammatory periodontitis is negatively associated with serum antioxidant concentrations.Journal of Nutrition 2007 :137, 657–664.
Chapple, I. L. C., Milward, M. R., Ling-Mountford, N., Weston, P. etal.: Adjunctive effects of a dietary supplement comprising dried whole fruit, vegetable and berry juice concentrates on clinical outcomes of treatment of periodontitis. Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology Journal 2010 : 24, 540.10
Corbet E. Public Health Aspects of Oral Disorders - Periodontal diseases. In: Pine C and Harris R (eds). Community Oral Health. Quintessence Publishing Co. Ltd: 2007, 177-189.
Dietrich, T., Nunn, M., Dawson-Hughes, B. & Bischoff- Ferrari, H. A: Association between serum concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D and gingival inflammation. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 2005; 82, 575–580.
Holde, G.E.; Oscarson, N.; Trovik, T.A.; Tillberg, A.; Jönsson, B. Periodontitis Prevalence and Severity in Adults: A Cross-SectionalStudy in Norwegian Circumpolar Communities. J. Periodontol. 2017, 88, 1012–1022
Ibrahim H Mustafa. Badya M Najib.Namer G.Al Tawel: Association between life style factors and pulmonary tuberculoses in Erbil.Zanco J.Med.Sci 2011;15 (3) : 11-6.
Jorgensen EB. Effect of socio-economic and general health status on periodontal conditions in old age. J Clin Periodontol 2000;27:83
Lertpimonchai A, Rattanasiri S, Vallibhakara SA, Attia J, Thakkinstian A. The association between oral hygiene and periodontitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int Dent J. 2017;67 (6):332–343.
Löe H, Silness J. Periodontal disease in pregnancy. I. Prevalence and severity. Acta Odontol Scand. 1963; 21: 533-551.
Löe H. Oral hygiene in the prevention of caries and periodontal disease. Int Dent J 2000; 50: 129-139.
Martha E. Nunn. Understanding the etiology of periodontitis-an overview of periodontal risk factors. Perio 2000. 2003; 32: 1,11-23
Miyuki K , Muneo T , Nobuko N :2007; May 2007: 78(5) ,859-867.
Nishida, M., Grossi, S. G., Dunford, R. G., Ho, A. W., Trevisan, M. & Genco, R. J. (2000 ) Calcium and the risk for periodontal disease. Journal of Periodontology . 2005: 71, 1057–1066.
O’Keefe JH, Gheewala NM, O’Keefe JO. Dietary strategies for improving post-prandial glucose, lipids, inflammation, and cardiovascular health. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2008;51(3):249–255.
Pihlstrom BL, Michalowicz BS, Johnson NW. Periodontal diseases. Lancet 2005; 366: 1809-1820.
Qian ,J.Cai ,M,Gao ,J.,S.,Xu.,L.,Critchley,J.A. Trens in Smoking and quieting in China from 1993 to 2003:National Health Survey data .Bulletin of the WHO.2010;88:769-776.
Ramfjord SP :indices for prevelance and incidence of periodontal disease .J Periodontal .1959 ;30:51-59.
Riordan M. Arizona Health Information. [home page in the internet].university of Arizona.2007 updated 2008 Sep 4.
S. Akhtar Hussain Bokhari: Lifestyle Impact on Oral Health;2006 (22) ;3.
Samnieng, P.; Ueno, M.; Zaitsu, T.; Shinada, K.; Wright, F.A.; Kawaguchi, Y. The relationship between seven health practices andoral health status in community-dwelling elderly Thai. Gerodontology 2013, 30, 254–261.
Simona S , Alessandro P ,Giuseppe P ,Francesco I , Gaetano I : Dietary Factors Affecting the Prevalence and Impact of Periodontal Disease
Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational Dentistry 2021:13 283–292.
Silness J, Löe H. Periodontal disease in pregnancy. II. Correlation between oral hygiene and periodontal condition. Acta Odontol Scand. 1964; 22: 121-135.
Socransky SS, Haffajee AD. Dental biofilms :difficult therapeutic targets. Periodontal 2000 2002;28:12-55.
Tada A, Matsukubo T. Relationship between oral health behaviors and general health behaviors in a Japanese adult population. J Public Health Dent. 2003;63:250-4.
Tolsma D. life style [home page in the internet] available from http://health.yahoo.net/galecontent/life style cited 2009 ,may 5 .
Torrejon Moya, A.;Gonzalez-Navarro, B.; Roca-Millan,E.; Estrugo-Devesa, A.; López-López,J. Analysis of Healthy Lifestyle Habitsand Oral Health in a Patient Sample at the Dental Hospital of theUniversity of Barcelona. Int. J.Environ. Res. Public Health 2021, 18,7488
Van der Velden U, Kuzmanova D, Chapple ILC. Micronutritional approaches to
periodontal therapy. J Clin Periodontol 2011; 38 (Suppl. 11): 142–158.
Vijay K Chava : Effect of lifestyle, education and socioeconomic status on periodontal health: 2010 , 1 ( 1) : 23-26.
WordiQ. [home page in the internet] .GUN Documentation License. available from http://www. Wordiq.com. / definition /sports. 2010 .
Zimmermann H, Zimmermann N, Hagenfeld D, Veile A, Kim TS, Becher H. Is frequency of tooth brushing a risk factor for periodontitis? A systematic review and meta-analysis. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol. 2015;43(2):116–127.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 shahida rasul
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
1. Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License [CC BY-NC-ND 4.0] that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
2. Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
3. Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
Polytechnic Journal ; A Periodical Open Access Scientific Journal